Localization of the electromagnetic field in the vicinity of gold nanoparticles: Surface modification of different substrates

Theoretical predictions and experimental results for nanosized modification of metal (Au), semiconductor (Si), or dielectric (soda lime glass) substrates using near-electromagnetic field enhancement in the vicinity of gold nanoparticles are presented. The near field properties for the system consisting of an isolated gold nanoparticle or nanoparticle aggregate deposited on the substrates, which is irradiated by electromagnetic wave, are investigated using Finite Difference Time Domain Simulation technique. The influence of the substrate material on the near field distribution characteristics is predicted. The results reveal that the field on the substrate surface is enhanced in the three investigated cases, but its spatial distribution and magnitude depend on the substrate material. In the case of the metal and semiconductor substrate the enhanced near field is strongly localized in the vicinity of the contact point with the particle, in an area with diameter smaller than the particleʹs one. The intensity of the enhanced field on the glass is more than an order of magnitude lower than the case of using silicon substrate. The properties of the near field on the substrate surface also depend on the particle arrangement. For a two-dimensional gold nanoparticle array, when the particles are closely arrayed, the intensity of the enhanced field on the substrate surface is minimal. With the increase of the interparticle distance the near field intensity increases. The validity of the obtained theoretical results is confirmed experimentally.