Modification of wetting properties of CR39 by plasma source ion implantation

Plasma source ion implantation (PSII), a hybrid implantation technique between ion beams and immersion plasmas has been used to modify CR39 surfaces for improved wettability providing both advancing (image) and receding (image) contact angles below image. The modifications brought to the polymer surface structure have been characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and its combination with chemical derivatization (CD-XPS). Oxygen desorption has been observed in spite of the very hydrophilic surfaces. C1s XPS peak has been displaced toward greater energies, while the opposite has been found for O1s, both involving new components and strong modifications after ion implantation treatment. Strong evidences about the formation of new chemical functions, like imageOOH, imageCOOH and CimageC, have been found and have provided an explanation for the increased wettability.