Exploring Concentration Response in HIV Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis to Optimize Clinical Care and Trial Design

HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis trials with antiretroviral drugs have been variably successful. Even trials demonstrating the best efficacy leave room for improvement. Pharmacological data illuminate several sources of outcome variability, especially the impact of poor adherence, which is critical to manage PrEP in the clinic and to develop the next generation of PrEP candidates.