MicroRNAs: Genomics, Biogenesis, Mechanism, and Function

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous 22 nt RNAs that can play important regulatory roles in animals and plants by targeting mRNAs for cleavage or translational repression. Although they escaped notice until relatively recently, miRNAs comprise one of the more abundant classes of gene regulatory molecules in multicellular organisms and likely influence the output of many protein-coding genes.