A simple current transducer for ultramicroelectrode measurements at a wide range of time scales

In this paper a simple current transducer is described which can measure pA currents at low scan rates in conjunction with a commercial potentiostat such as the one supplied by Bioanalytical Systems (BAS), and which will allow fast-scan voltammetry measurements up to 4000 V/s in conjunction with a waveform generator and a data acquisition system.