Functionalization of MWNTs using polyacryloyl chloride and the properties of CNT–epoxy matrix nanocomposites

A facile approach of magnifying the functional groups on the multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) was developed by introducing the bridge of poly (acryloyl chloride) (PACl). Special functional groups could be further generated by the reaction of acyl chloride groups. Accordingly, the MWNTs with magnified epoxy groups (MWNTs–epoxy) were prepared, and its reinforcement for epoxy composites was studied. The structural destruction of acid treated MWNTs was testified by Raman spectra. The MWNTs–epoxy was characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and Thermo-Gravimetric Analysis (TGA). The properties of nanocomposites were measured by Dynamical Mechanical Analysis (DMA), tensile testing and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Because of the magnification of functional groups and the higher interfacial adhesion between MWNTs–epoxy and epoxy matrix, the composites exhibited the enhancement of mechanical properties at lower content (0.1–1.0 wt.%). Tensile strength and tensile modulus were increased nearly 45% and 90%, respectively.