Characteristics of flow distribution in compact parallel flow heat exchangers, part II: Modified inlet header

This study presents the experimental results of liquid flow distribution in compact parallel flow heat exchanger through a rectangular and 5 modified inlet headers (i.e., 1 trapezoidal, one multi-step, 2 baffle plates and 1 baffle tubes header). The basic header has a rectangular shape with 9 × 9 mm cross section and 90 mm long header length having a 4 mm inlet tube for flow into the header and distributed to nine 3 mm parallel tubes with 400 mm length. A jet stream induced at the header inlet associated with vortexes affecting the flow distribution to the front tubes. The flow distribution in the header highly depends on the header shape and the total flow rate. Normally the first several tubes have the lowest flow ratios for the conventional headers and the flow distribution is significantly improved by lifting the jet stream using the modified header with baffle tube, followed by the baffle plate and multi-step header. The baffle tube yields the best flow distribution for it removed the vortex flow, and it is applicable for all the flow rates.