Addition-energy distributions of realistic few-electron quantum dots

Using an effective density-functional approach, we study statistical properties of addition energies in two-dimensional quantum dots (QDs) consisting of 1–20 electrons. We apply a realistic model for impurities in the layer material of the QD. The spin-dependent addition-energy distributions are computed from a thousand configurations for different impurity densities. We find that the spin variation and the electron–electron interactions considerably affect the shape of the distribution.