The effect of tool geometry and cutting speed on main cutting force and tool tip temperature

In this paper, the effects of rake angle and entering angle in tool geometry and cutting speed on cutting force components and the temperature generated on the tool tip in turning were investigated. The data used for the investigation derived from experiments conducted on a CNC lathe according to the full factorial design to observe the effect of each factor level on the process performance. As the experiments were designed using an orthogonal arrays, the estimates of the average effects will not be biased. During the tests, the depth of cut and feedrate were kept constant and each test was conducted with a sharp uncoated tool insert. For a comparison, the main cutting force and the temperature generated in secondary shear zone for different cutting parameters and tool geometries were calculated by Kienzle approach and with based on orthogonal cutting mechanism, respectively. The average deviation between measured and calculated force results were found as 0.26%. For statistical analyze the orthogonal arrays L16 was used with a total of 16 tests. Finally, it was found that rake angle was effective on all the cutting force components, while cutting speed was effective on the tool tip temperature. The cutting force signals and temperature values provided extensive data to analyse the orthogonal cutting process.