Numerical simulation of solid particle impacts on Al6061-T6 Part II: Materials removal mechanisms for impact of multiple angular particles

In the accompanying paper (M. Takaffoli, M. Papini, Numerical simulation of solid particle impacts on Al6061-T6 Part I: Three dimensional representation of angular particles), it was demonstrated that realistic 3D models of angular particles could be generated and used with a smoothed particle hydrodynamics model to simulate the damage done to an Al6061-T6 target due to many non-overlapping particle impacts. In this paper, the same methodology was used to simulate overlapping impacts, and thus the material removal mechanisms associated with the solid particle erosion of this material. The evolution of the topography of the blasted surface was simulated, and the surface ripple patterns that typically form during the erosion of aluminum alloys were observed. The predicted volumetric erosion rates at different impact angles were, on average, within 7% of those measured in erosion experiments. An investigation of the simulated trajectory of the impacting particles revealed the cooperative contribution of overlapping impacts to material loss, and solid particle erosion mechanisms such as the micromachining of chips, the ploughing of craters, and the formation, forging and knocking off of crater lips. The results indicate that numerical simulation of the solid particle erosion of ductile metals by realistic angular particles is possible.