Morphology of nano-carbon materials and their electrochemical properties as the negative electrodes in lithium-ion batteries

Carbonaceous materials have been widely investigated as negative electrode materials of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). In this review, the properties of nano-carbon materials for use as negative electrodes are summarized from the viewpoint of their morphology. As nano-carbon materials, carbon nanospheres (zero dimension), carbon nanotubes (one dimension), carbon nanofibers (one dimension), graphene (two dimension), and so on were covered. The advantages and disadvantages of nano-carbon materials as the negative electrode in LIBs are discussed.