Pinned Connection Strength and Behavior

Theoretical and experimental studies of pinned connections that have been published over the past 65 years are discussed. Elastic stress distribution, service load deformations, and ultimate strength behavior are examined. The findings reported in the literature are correlated and a single set of equations that define pinned connection strength and behavior are developed. The predictions of these equations are compared to the reported test data and statistics are computed that may be used for the development of resistance factors or design factors for use in design specifications. Recommendations for additional research are made.