Liquid-phase hydrogenation of car☐ylic acid on supported bimetallic Rusingle bondSn-Alumina catalysts Original Research Article

Heterogeneous Rusingle bondSn catalysts are effective for the liquid-phase hydrogenation of Cdouble bond; length as m-dashO group in car☐ylic acids. Hydrogenation activity was affected by the kind of tin compounds used for the preparation of the Rusingle bondSn catalyst. Bis-tributyl tin oxide ((Bu3Sn)2O), K2SnO3 and Na2SnO3 were found to be the appropriate materials for the hydrogenation of Cdouble bond; length as m-dashO group over the Rusingle bondSn catalysts. The Cdouble bond; length as m-dashO hydrogenation activity for the hydrogenation of car☐ylic acids increased with the increasing amount of Sn added whereas, the Cdouble bond; length as m-dashC hydrogenation activity decreased. Effect of activation temperature was also studied. The Cdouble bond; length as m-dashO hydrogenation activity was increased by calcinating the catalyst precursor, Sn/alumina, before impregnation with Ru solution. The calcination of the Sn/alumina at 973 K was quite effective for the hydrogenation of car☐ylic acids over the resultant Rusingle bondSn/alumina catalysts. The Rusingle bondSn/alumina catalysts reduced at 723 K were also effective for the hydrogenation of car☐ylic acids. We have also studied the hydrogenation in a continuously flowing system. The Rusingle bondSn/alumina catalysts showed high and stable activity under mild conditions in the flowing system.