Functionalization of organic ions on hybrid MCM-41 for cycloaddition reaction: The effective conversion of carbon dioxide Original Research Article

Activation of chloropropyl MCM-41 (CP-MS41) and its utilization in the synthesis of allyl glycidyl carbonate over functionalized mesoporous MS41 solids has been investigated. The surface activity of MS41 was modified through consecutive immobilization of imidazole, followed by alkylation with an alkyl halide, resulting in the imidazole substituent-immobilized MS41 (RIm+X−-MS41 or IIL). A wide variety of CP-MS41 and RIm+X−-MS41 were synthesized and characterized using XRD, BET, elemental analysis (EA), SEM, CP13C, 29Si MAS-NMR, and FT-IR. EA and FT-IR confirmed adduct formation of ionic liquids with the chloropropyl groups on the host system. The efficiency of immobilization of activated materials was investigated by FT-IR and EA. RIm+X−-MS41 reacted further with oxiranes adsorbed on solid ions, forming cyclic carbonates. The IIL with a lower alkyl chain length and high electron-donating tendencies showed a higher level of reusability and superior activity. The CP-MS41 functionalized with isopropyl imidazolium bromide (iso-PImBr-MS41) exhibited the highest turnover number (TON) and turnover frequency (TOF).