Glass transition and state diagram for freeze-dried Agaricus bisporus Original Research Article

Sorption isotherms and state diagram of freeze-dried Agaricus bisporus were developed to further investigate the connection between the two distinct criteria of food stability. Sorption isotherms of freeze-dried A. bisporus were determined by the gravimetric method and the data were modeled by GAB model. The GAB monolayer moisture content was calculated to be 6.2 g/100 g (d.b.). The glass transition temperature of freeze-dried A. bisporus was determined by differential scanning calorimetry. The state diagram was composed of the freezing curve and glass transition line, which were fitted according to Clausius–Clapeyron model and Gordon–Taylor model, respectively. The state diagram yielded maximally-freeze-concentrated solutes at 0.704 solids with the characteristic temperature of glass formation being −77.9 °C. The state diagram and sorption isotherms of freeze-dried A. bisporus are useful in evaluating the storage stability as a function of temperature and moisture content as well as optimizing drying and freezing conditions.