Temperature effect on tyre–road noise

Tyre–road noise emission decreases when the outdoor temperature increases, with a variation that can exceed −0.1 dB(A)/°C. This effect depends on tyre–road combination, but semi-generic corrections can improve the accuracy of tyre–road noise measurements. In this paper, the variation of pass-by noise level of a passenger car at 90 km/h with temperature is investigated, on seven types of road surfaces, under different temperature conditions. A good correlation between air, road surface and tyre temperature is outlined. A linear relationship between noise level and air temperature variations is observed for bituminous pavements, of about −0.1 dB(A)/°C, but reduced to −0.06 dB(A)/°C for pavements having porosity. No temperature effect is observed on cement concrete pavements. A spectral analysis shows that the temperature effect is highest in low and high frequency range, what can be explained by generating mechanisms rather than propagation.