Numerical analysis of residual stress in hot-rolled steel strip on the run-out table

A preliminary computational study of the stresses developed during the cooling of thin hot-rolled steel strip on the run-out table using the finite element program ABAQUS is described. The intention here is to show the effect of the temperature profile along and across the sheet on generation of stress during cooling. This is used to predict the pattern of residual stress in the strip. Such information can provide a basis for controlling the cooling conditions on the run-out table. Transformation of the steel during cooling is taken into account by calculating the coefficient of thermal expansion as a function of the cooling rate, phase composition and temperature. Although the results presented apply to a particular grade of carbon steel, they can be generalised to other steels and to other metals. It is concluded that the temperature profile along the strip has little effect on residual stress but transverse temperature gradient plays a pivotal role.