Spontaneous fission half-lives of heavy nuclei in ground state and in isomeric state Original Research Article

We generalize the formulas of spontaneous fission half-lives of even–even nuclei in their ground state to both the case of odd nuclei and the case of fission isomers [Phys. Rev. C 71 (2005) 014309]. The spontaneous fission half-lives of odd–A nuclei and of odd–odd nuclei in the ground state are calculated by Swiateckiʹs formula, by its generalized form, and by a new formula where the blocking effect of unpaired nucleon on the half-lives has been taken into account with different mechanisms. By introducing a blocking factor or a generalized seniority in the formulas of the half-lives of even–even nuclei, we can reasonably reproduce the experimental fission half-lives of odd–A nuclei and of odd–odd nuclei with the same parameters used in ground state of even–even nuclei. For spontaneous fission of the isomers in transuranium nuclei the new formula can be simplified into a three-parameter formula and the isomeric half-lives can be well reproduced by the formula. The new formula of the isomeric half-lives is as good as Metagʹs formula of fission isomers. The half-lives of isomers from these formulas are very accurate and therefore these formulas can give reliable predictions for half-lives of new isomers of neighboring nuclei.