A two-dimensional beam–column finite element with embedded rotational discontinuities

This paper presents a new two-dimensional two-noded beam–column finite element for the inelastic analysis of plane frames. The proposed element is capable of having multiple internal inelastic hinges whose positions are not limited to the ends of the element. Consequently, it is possible to use one element for one member of a frame structure even when distributed loads are present. At each inelastic hinge, the inelastic rotation is considered while the inelastic axial deformation is neglected. The proposed element is derived by the use of new shape functions. In the development of the shape functions, each inelastic hinge is treated as a location where a rotational discontinuity occurs. By embedding these rotational discontinuities into the expressions of the shape functions, the effect of the inelastic hinges can be included. The obtained stiffness matrix equation of the proposed element is simple and, therefore, practical. Finally, the validity and efficiency of the proposed element are verified by means of solving several numerical examples.