Evolutionary structural optimisation based on boundary representation of NURBS. Part II: 3D algorithms

This paper presents an optimisation algorithm applied to three-dimensional structural optimisation problems. This algorithm is based on the evolutionary structural optimisation method (ESO) and boundary elements (BE) are used to carry out the structural analysis. The geometries are represented using non-uniform rational B-spline (NURBS) curves and surfaces. Examples are presented to show the effectiveness of the algorithm for some preliminary results.