Effect of volumetric heat sources on hysteresis phenomena in natural and mixed-mode ventilation

The summer-time cooling efficiency of hybrid buildings depends critically upon exploiting multiple environmental resources to dispose of waste heat. To this end, many previous studies have explored the role of wind, which exerts different static pressures on a buildingʹs windward and leeward facades. Here, we consider how this methodology may be extended to the converse problem of winter-time heating wherein hot, buoyant air is purposefully supplied to the interior space using a coupled ventilation scheme. A “blocked” flow regime is desired such that cold air inflow is impeded; to avoid interstitial condensation, the pressure distribution within the building must favor outflow through designated extraction vents. For the idealized geometry considered here, blocked conditions represent a unique solution to the flow equations in well-defined regions of parameter space. The likelihood of blocking may be increased through prudent choice of extraction vent size/orientation depending on the external forcing conditions. A discussion of the inherent tradeoffs associated with multi-season design of hybrid buildings is also presented.