Interaction mechanism between 4-aminoantipyrine and the enzyme lysozyme

4-Aminoantipyrine (AAP) is scarcely administered as a kind of analgesic drug because of the side effect. The residue of AAP in the environment poses a potential threat to human health. To evaluate the toxicity of AAP at the protein level, the effects of AAP on lysozyme were investigated using spectroscopic and molecular docking methods. Addition of AAP effectively quenched the intrinsic fluorescence of lysozyme. Static quenching of lysozyme by AAP revealed the formation of complex. After the inner filter effect was eliminated, the number of binding sites, the binding constant and the thermodynamic parameters were measured, and indicated that AAP can spontaneously bind with lysozyme through hydrophobic interactions with one binding site. Molecular docking results revealed that AAP bound into the enzyme active site and interacted with the Trp 62 and Trp 63 residues of lysozyme, which illustrated that the lysozyme activity was inhibited by AAP, in accordance with the results of the lysozyme activity experiment. Furthermore, the binding of AAP can result in demonstrable change of the conformation of lysozyme. This work is helpful for clarifying the molecular toxic mechanism of AAP in vivo.