Glass foam from the mixture of reservoir sediment and Na2CO3

Glass foams were produced from recycled water reservoir sediment with 10 wt% and 15 wt% Na2CO3 addition, respectively, at calcining temperatures of 750–1050 °C. For the 10 wt% Na2CO3 samples, the pores initially formed on the surface and were sealed by the glassy phase with increasing temperature. The formation of the glassy phase was promoted by the addition of Na2CO3 resulting in foams being obtained at 750 °C with 15 wt% Na2CO3. The increase in temperature from 750 °C to 1050 °C decreased the specific gravity (1.34 to 0.81) and the compressive strength (5.15 MPa to 1.07 MPa), which made the pores inside the foams grow and connect to each other. An excess amount of sodium ions resulted in a flowing glassy phase at high temperature, which made large pores (>1 mm) connect to each other, increasing water adsorption. The mineral phases of the foam were quartz, albite, and nepheline.