Reaction synthesis of several titanium oxides through electrical wire explosion in air and in water

An experimental method to synthesize titanium oxide (Ti–O) through electrical wire explosion was performed. In this study, one experiment was conducted in air atmosphere, and the other with the wire fully dipped in distilled water. In air atmosphere, TiO2 in anatase and rutile phases with ultrafine spherical particles was recovered. In distilled water, conversely, nanosized Ti–O material was recovered from an unknown phase, possibly a special phase of TiO2 or a different type of titanium oxide such as TinO or TinO2n−1. Recovered powders were analyzed using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), High-resolution Transition Electron Microscopy (HR-TEM) and X-ray Diffraction (XRD) techniques.