Synthesis and structure–activity relationships (SARs) of 1,5-diarylpyrazole cannabinoid type-1 (CB1) receptor ligands for potential use in molecular imaging Original Research Article

Cannabinoid type-1 (CB1) receptor ligands, derived from the 1,5-diarylpyrazole core template of rimonabant (Acomplia®), have been the focus of several studies aimed at examining structure–activity relationships (SARs). The purpose of this study was to design and synthesize a set of compounds based on the 1,5-diarylpyrazole template while focusing on the potential for discovery of CB1 receptor radioligands that might be used as probes with in vivo molecular imaging. Each synthesized ligand was evaluated for potency as an antagonist at CB1 and cannabinoid type-2 (CB2) receptors in vitro using a GTPγ35S-binding assay. c log P values were calculated with Pallas 3.0. The antagonist binding affinities (KB) at CB1 receptors ranged from 11 to >16,000 nM, CB1 versus CB2 selectivities from 0.6 to 773, and c log Ps from 3.61 to 6.25. An interesting new ligand, namely N-(piperidin-1-yl)-1-(2-bromophenyl)-5-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-methyl-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxamide (9j), emerged from the synthesized set with appealing properties (KB = 11 nM; CB1 selectivity > 773; c log P = 5.85), for labeling with carbon-11 and development as a radioligand for imaging brain CB1 receptors in vivo with positron emission tomography (PET).