Synthesis, spectroscopic characterization and radiosensitizing properties of acetato-bridged copper(II) complexes with 5-nitroimidazole drugs

Three novel acetato-bridged dinuclear copper(II) complexes with 5-nitroimidazoles (CuAcNtrim) and the known copper–acetato–metronidazole have been prepared by an environment-friendly route and spectroscopically characterized. The CuAcNtrim compounds of formula [Cu2(μ-O2CCH3)4Ntrim2], where Ntrim = metronidazole (1), secnidazole (2), tinidazole (3) or nimorazole (4), exhibit dimeric copper–acetato paddle-wheel structures with Ntrim axial ligands coordinated to copper(II) ions through the N3 atoms of the imidazole rings. EPR data indicate antiferromagnetic behavior for this novel series of copper complexes. The constant coupling has been found to decrease along with the increasing of basicity of the Ntrim axial ligand. The CuAcNtrim complexes and the correspondent Ntrim parent drugs have shown radiosensitizer properties for Hep2 (human larynx cancer) cell line in vitro. The best enhancement of radiosensitizer activity upon coordination of the Ntrim drug to copper(II) has been found for the nimorazole compound which has the strongest Cu–Ntrim bond and exhibits the highest lipophilicity within the series of CuAcNtrim complexes.