Canine inherited motor and sensory neuropathies: An updated classification in 22 breeds and comparison to Charcot–Marie–Tooth disease

Canine inherited neuropathies form a group of degenerative diseases affecting motor and/or sensory and autonomic peripheral nerves. There is now a large number of inherited motor and sensory neuropathies (IMSN) reported in the veterinary literature, for which clinical, electrophysiological, histopathological and mode of inheritance data are available. Their resemblance with Charcot–Marie–Tooth disease in humans is suggested, although direct comparison is difficult due to the small number of cases described in each breed and the lack of genetic knowledge in dogs. Charcot–Marie–Tooth disease forms a wide group of hereditary neuropathies for which a genetic mutation is recognised in more than 70% of patients. In dogs, no genetic mutation has so far been identified and the knowledge available for human hereditary neuropathies may be useful to identify genetic mutations in dogs. This review provides an update on data available on inherited neuropathy in Leonberger dogs and three new degenerative neuropathies are briefly described in two Russian Black terriers, two Cocker Spaniels and a Podhale Shepherd dog.