Dielectric, pyroelectric and ferroelectric behavior of PZTN 65/35/x ferroelectric ceramic system

Niobium doping lead zirconate titanate [PZTN 65/35/x (x = 1, 2, 4, 5)] ferroelectric ceramics show perovskite structure and a rombohedral phase. The average grain size, the maximum dielectric permittivity, the transition temperature and the remanent polarization decrease when the niobium concentration increases, while the coercive field does not show any particular behavior and the porosity increases. The results are discussed taking into account the incorporation of the niobium to the lattice and the variation of the grain size. Preliminary results of the pyroelectric behavior are shown.