Characterisation of ferroelectric-calcium phosphate composites and ceramics

This paper studies the effect of composite composition on the electrical properties of BaTiO3-hydroxyapatite (HA) composites and examines the high temperature electrical properties of pure HA. At least 80% volume of BaTiO3 was needed for the composites to exhibit any stress-induced piezoelectric potential. At elevated temperatures, pure HA exhibits an increase in real part of conductivity and permittivity. The increased ionic conductivity at elevated temperatures can be used to manufacture polarised HA bioceramics with permanent surface charges as polarised HA exhibited a depolarisation current at elevated temperatures.