Development of TiO2-supported RuO2 composite-incorporated Ni–P electrodes for amperometric measurement of ethanol

An electroless Ni–P coating incorporated with TiO2-supported nano-RuO2 was developed as a high performance amperometric ethanol sensor. The electrode was systematically investigated for sensing ethanol in 0.2 M NaOH. The composite electrode exhibited good performance with high anodic current for electrochemical ethanol oxidation. The optimized electrode exhibited a response time of 21 s and a sensitivity of 3.6 μA/(ppm cm2). The incorporation of the catalytic composites in the coating resulted in increased roughness of the coating enhancing the hydroxyl radical adsorption during ethanol oxidation.