An overview of plasma concentrations of asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) in health and disease and in clinical studies: Methodological considerations

Recent studies among patients including those with known coronary disease demonstrate that small elevations in asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) concentrations in plasma are predictive of adverse outcomes. The precision of current methodologies for quantitation of ADMA such as HPLC, MS and ELISA is discussed with respect to many reports which appear to over-estimate ADMA levels and quote broad concentration ranges. While plasma ADMA concentrations tend to increase with age, the mean for a healthy population is between 0.4 and 0.6 μM. ADMA levels may fluctuate in normal subjects, and this needs to be considered in light of the relatively small differences in ADMA concentration between healthy normal subjects and patients.