Protein-based chiral stationary phases for high-performance liquid chromatography enantioseparations

The enantioseparations of various compounds using proteins as the chiral selectors in high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) are considered in this review. The proteins used include albumins such as bovine serum albumin and human serum albumin, glycoproteins such as α1-acid glycoprotein, ovomucoid, ovoglycoprotein, avidin and riboflavin binding protein, enzymes such as trypsin, α-chymotrypsin, cellobiohydrolase I, lysozyme, pepsin and amyloglucosidase, and other proteins such as ovotransferrin and β-lactoglobulin. This review deals with the properties of HPLC chiral stationary phases based on proteins, and the enantioselective properties and chiral recognition mechanisms of these stationary phases.