Sensitivity analysis of stamping processes using various friction models appropriate for non-stationary contact problems

This paper looks at the sensitivity of thickness to variation of friction. The models of friction used are: the classic Amontons–Coulomb; a nonlinear pressure-dependent model proposed by Wriggers, vu Van and Stein; and a velocity-dependent model proposed by Molinari, Estrin and Mercier. They are coded in FORTRAN for use with finite element program ABAQUS. The contact problem is then formulated in the total Lagrangian formulation for contact between an elastic–plastic body and rigid tools. The variational (weak) form of the formulation is given and this is discretized by finite element method. To test and compare the models, one common metal forming processes is simulated: deep drawing of a square-cup. The sensitivity graphs showing each of the three friction models together is given at the end. One other conclusion although not major part of this work is that Amonton–Coulomb is not the best model suited for contact conditions in metal forming processes, because Wriggers et al. model and Molinari et al. model provide better results for modelling bends and corners.