Propagation of projective synchronization in a series connection of chaotic systems

Projective synchronization is a type of chaos synchronization where the response system states are scaled replicas of the drive system states. This paper deals with the propagation of projective synchronization in a series connection of N chaotic discrete-time drive systems and N response systems. By exploiting an observer-based approach, the paper demonstrates that dead-beat projective synchronization (i.e., exact synchronization in finite time for any scaling factor) is achieved between the nth drive and nth response systems. In particular, it is shown that projective synchronization starts from the innermost (Nth) drive–response system pair and propagates toward the outermost (first) drive–response system pair. Only a single scalar synchronizing signal connects the cascaded drive and response systems. Finally, an example illustrates the propagation of different types of chaos synchronization in a series connection consisting of a Gingerbreadman map, a third order hyperchaotic Henon map and a Lozi map.