Numerically stable and efficient algorithm for vector channel parameter and frequency offset estimation

In this paper, we present a novel and numerically efficient algorithm for vector channel and calibration vector estimation, which works when frequency offset error caused by either unstable oscillator or Doppler effect is present in Spread Spectrum antenna system. We propose an estimation algorithm based on Gauss–Seidal algorithm rather than using eigen-decomposition or SVD in computing eigenvalues and eigenvectors at each iteration. The algorithm is based on the two-step procedures, one for estimating both channel and frequency offset and the other for estimating the unknown array gain and phase. Consequently, estimates of the DOAs, the multi-path impulse response of the reference signal source, and the carrier frequency offset as well as the calibration of antenna array are provided. The analytic performance improvement in multiplications number is presented. The performance of the proposed algorithm is investigated by means of computer simulations. Throughout the analytic and computer simulation, we show that the proposed algorithm reduces the number of multiplications by order of one.