Introduction

Maritime issues have risen to the forefront of current Asian security concerns. In particular, military and intelligence gathering activities in foreign exclusive economic zones (EEZs) remain controversial. Exacerbating factors include advancing military and intelligence technology, a growing dialectic between coastal states and maritime powers, and new threats like terrorism and weapons of mass destruction. The Tokyo Meeting was part of a Dialogue series on these issues. Topics covered included a summary of the Bali Meeting, operational modalities and rules of engagement, US initiatives to enhance maritime security, intelligence collection operations and the EEZ regime, options for resolving disagreements, conclusions, and the way forward.