Experimental and numerical investigation of a phase change material: Thermal-energy storage and release

The application of phase change materials (PCMs) for solar thermal-energy storage capacities has received considerable attention in recent years due to their large storage capacity and isothermal nature of the storage process. This study deals with the comparison of numerical and experimental results for a PCM conditioned in a parallelepipedic polyefin envelope to be used in passive solar walls. The experimental results were obtained by use of a genuine set-up involving heat flux sensors and thermocouples mounted on two vertical aluminium exchanger plates squeezing the samples. Numerical predictions were obtained with a custom one-dimensional Fortran code and a two-dimensional use of Fluent. Both methods showed a very good agreement with experimental observations for the melting process (⩽5%). However during solidification, both numerical codes failed to predict the phase change process accurately, the maximal relative error was as high as 57% (with an average of 8%).