Laminar single phase flow distribution in a multi-tube mini-channel heat exchanger using fractal distribution

Mini-channel technology is a promising solution in a world where there is a growing demand for product miniaturization. In this paper a new geometry for a distributor of a multi-tube mini-channel shell and tube exchanger is proposed which should distribute the flow equally over the tubes. The tubes have an internal diameter of 0.5 mm while the shell has a hydraulic diameter of 1.8 mm. The flow in the heat exchanger is pure counter current flow; no baffles have been used in the shell. Experimental data for laminar single phase water in both the tube and shell side are reported. A mathematical model is developed which can predict the performance of the multi-tube mini-channel that uses the newly proposed distributor. This model considers both heat transfer and pressure drop and makes use of prediction methods proposed in the literature for similar geometries. It has been experimentally validated that the newly proposed distributor gives a good distribution for laminar single phase flows. The mathematical model can predict the experimental performance of the multi-tube mini-channel exchanger within 10% accuracy.