Truncation of the Amino Terminus of Branching Enzyme Changes Its Chain Transfer Pattern

Previous work has reported the production of an Escherichia coli branching enzyme with a 112-residue deletion at the amino terminal by limited proteolysis. Here, we study the chain transfer pattern of this enzyme. Gel-permeation chromatography of in vitro branched amylose shows that the truncated branching enzyme transfers fewer short chains (degree of polymerization [d.p.] <20) and a greater proportion of intermediate size chains (d.p. 30–90) than the native enzyme. High-performance anion-exchange chromatography (HPAEC) of the branching limited α-glucan product indicates that the truncated branching enzyme transfers a smaller proportion of chains with d.p. 4–11 and more chains longer than d.p. 12. Also, the genes encoding native or truncated branching enzyme were individually expressed in a branching enzyme-deficient mutant, AC71 (glgB−). By HPAEC analysis of the purified α-glucans we find that truncated branching enzyme transfers fewer chains of d.p. 5–11 and more chains longer than d.p. 12 relative to the full-length enzyme. These observations allow us to conclude that truncation of the amino-terminal domain has altered the branching pattern of the enzyme. Our results are consistent with the construction of hybrid branching enzymes from the maize isoforms.