A novel methodology for the structural assessment of stone arches based on geometric data by integration of photogrammetry and ground-penetrating radar

Arches are the most common structural shape used in historical masonry bridges and are crucial to the stability and durability of these structures. This paper presents the modelling and structural analysis of a stone arch. The model was built based on external and internal geometric data provided by the corresponding photogrammetric and ground-penetrating radar (GPR) techniques. Two-dimensional orthophotographs of the structure were also obtained from the photogrammetric process in which the main external dimensions were measured. The 500 and 800 MHz antennas were used for the GPR survey, and the main purpose was to obtain the inner ring stone thickness of the arch. A more sophisticated structural assessment was performed to determine the best approximation to the load carrying capacity of the stone arch under study. Results show how the integration of both photogrammetric and GPR data allows the elaboration of more realistic mechanical models. The methodology proposed can be useful for engineers in developing further protection decisions because it provides better structural knowledge of ancient bridges.