Fabrication of agar-gel microelectrodes and their application in the study of ion transfer across the agar–water ∣ 1,2-dichloroethane interface

In this paper, we describe a simple procedure to make agar-gel microelectrodes by filling micropipettes. These microelectrodes were used to study K+ transfer across the agar–water ∣ 1,2-dichloroethane interface facilitated by dibenzo-18-crown-6 (DB18C6), and the transfer of tetraethylammonium (TEA+). The results observed were similar to those obtained at micro-liquid ∣ liquid interfaces. The effect of various amounts of agar in the aqueous phase was optimized and 3% agar was chosen based on the potential window and solidification time. The different shapes of micro-agar-gel electrodes were prepared in a similar way. The fabricated agar-gel microelectrodes obey the classical micro-disk steady-state current equation, which is different from the behavior of a normal micropipette filled with aqueous solution without silanization.