Multiple attractors in Koper–Gaspard model of electrochemical periodic and chaotic oscillations

The coexistence of multiple attractors in the Koper–Gaspard model of the electrochemical oscillatory reactions on the rotating-disk electrode (RDE) has already been investigated. It is held that the Koper–Gaspard model dynamics has many multiple attractors between simple harmonic oscillations or chaos and mixed-mode oscillations in many ranges of two-dimensional parametric space. Qualitative comparison of multiple attractors demonstrates bizarre winding of trajectories round themselves due to no-intersection theorem. Two- and three-dimensional basins of attraction have been scrutinized showing complex stripped-pattern basins which make predictability difficult in some regions of basins. Physico-chemical interpretation of the results has been discussed according to the feedback loops of electrochemical variables. Physical interpretation of the model multiple attractors implies that electrochemical oscillatory reactions are very sensitive dependence on initial values of electrochemical variables such as applied voltage or concentrations of electroactive species. This may change the entire pattern of behavior by slight shifting of initial conditions into the other basin. Such complex phenomena may provide sensible unpredictability for electrochemical time series.