Hafnium L-subshell Coster–Kronig and fluorescence yields determination by synchrotron photoionization

The method of selective photoionization of individual subshells by monochromatized synchrotron radiation has been employed to measure independently all Coster–Kronig and fluorescence yields of Hf L subshells. The energy of the primary radiation was set at approximately 50 energy points in the range of the L edges. At each setting, the induced L fluorescence radiation was recorded by a Si(Li) detector. A foil of Ni was used for normalization purposes and the Ni K fluorescence lines were also recorded with a solid state detector. Fitting the measured fluorescence intensities vs. primary energy with the photoelectric cross-sections derived the Coster–Kronig coefficients and fluorescence yields. The obtained yields were compared with data in the literature and a very good agreement among them was found.