Normal incidence standing wave analysis of the Cu(1 1 1)-(√3×√3)R30°-Mn structure: evidence for stacking faults or large-scale alloying?

The interaction of Mn with the Cu(1 1 1) surface has been investigated using the normal incidence X-ray standing wave (NIXSW) method. Analysis of the NIXSW was complicated by the apparent large shift in position of many layers of the Cu atoms relative to their expected bulk positions indicated by a change in the coherent position. Quantitative analysis of the NIXSW shows that there are at least two but possibly many sites for each element in the altered layer.