Experimental and theoretical investigations of silo music

This paper deals with strong dynamic effects connected with booming sound (called silo music) appearing during confined granular flow in silos. Novel experimental data have been gained through Electrical Capacitance Tomography (ECT) and an extraction of operational deflection shapes. A dynamic plane strain FE model of the granular material and oscillating wall was presented. The numerical results support the key role of dynamic coupling between silo wall oscillations and dynamics of the flowing material induced by a change of a flow direction at the transition zone between cylindrical and converging flow.