Stereo-PEEM for three-dimensional atomic and electronic structures of microscopic materials

The principle and design of a new photoemission electron microscope (PEEM), which is called Stereo-PEEM, is described here. Stereo-PEEM can display not only the image of microscopic materials but also the angular distribution of high-energy photoelectrons up to about ±60°, which is about 100-fold the acceptance angle of usual PEEM. This wide angle acceptance for high-energy photoelectrons enables the three-dimensional (3D) display of atomic structure as well as the 3D electronic structure of individual micromaterials. The 3D atomic structure of a sample can be observed directly by taking stereophotographs using photons with angular momentum.