Molecular imprinting for drug bioanalysis: A review on the application of imprinted polymers to solid-phase extraction and binding assay

Molecularly imprinted polymers have been applied as selective sorbents in several analytical techniques, including liquid chromatography, capillary electrophoresis and capillary electrochromatography, solid-phase extraction, and ‘immunoassay’. An advantage of this type of sorbent is the possibility to synthesize polymers with selectivity pre-determined for a particular analyte. This review critically discusses the use of imprinted polymers for analysis of drugs and other compounds in biological samples, with emphasis on their use as highly selective solid-phase extraction sorbents for sample pre-concentration and alternative binding entities in immunoassay type protocols.