Proton and electron conduction in polymer intercalated vanadium pentoxide xerogel

A comprehensive proton and electron conduction in vanadium pentoxide xerogel-conducting polymer nanocomposites are analyzed by the impedance spectroscopy. The complex impedance plots are used to estimate the proton and electron conductivity. Both protonic and electronic conductivities follow Arrhenius type behavior with temperature. Protonic conductivity increases with the increase of intercalated conducting polypyrrole. The highly ordered conducting polypyrrole (PPY) molecule enhances the diffusion of H3O+ ions into the host lattice. Broad dielectric loss peaks are found in a wide range of frequency domain (KHz–MHz). The intercalated water within the oxide network of vanadium pentoxide remains supercooled up to lowest measured temperature 137 K.