Long-tailed spherical aggregates formed from ABA triblock copolymer by changing the properties of selective solvent

A convenient method of tuning aggregate morphologies from amphiphilic block copolymer by adding second selective solvent is introduced in this paper. Some novel aggregate morphologies, i.e. hierarchical vesicles (and compound spherical micelles) with one or more tails, were formed by introducing a second selective solvent for core-forming blocks into the poly(4-vinyl pyridine)-b-polystyrene-b-poly(4-vinyl pyridine) ABA amphiphilic block copolymer/co-solvent/water systems. Addition of selective solvent (toluene) for core-forming blocks (PS blocks) has significant effect on the aggregate morphologies from the amphiphilic triblock copolymer. The aggregate morphologies changed from spheres to rods, long tailed solid large compound spheres, and to long tailed hierarchical vesicles by adding 0.5, 10 and 30 wt% of toluene to the organic solvent, respectively. There exists an aggregate morphological transition of the long tailed hierarchical vesicles to long tailed solid spheres by decreasing the content of toluene in the organic solvent mixture. The tails disappeared, and irregular vesicular and spherical structures were formed when the toluene content was 20 wt%. The toluene addition is expected to increase the stretching of the core-forming blocks (PS), and to modify the interfacial tension of core–corona interface, which are the main reasons for the aggregate morphology transition. To the best of our knowledge, these tailed vesicles and spherical morphologies have not been found in block copolymer aggregates system up to now.