Periodic oscillation in curved duct flows

We report the first experimental evidence and numerical prediction of fully developed periodic oscillation in curved duct flows. The oscillation is between symmetric/asymmetric 2-cell flows and symmetric/asymmetric 4-cell flows. It appears in the range where there are no stable steady fully developed flows. We also report both experimental and numerical evidence of flow stability change along a solution branch without passing limit/bifurcation points.